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Human Body & Health Quiz Worksheet

QUIZLINO
Set 1 · Mixed
Name:Class / Group:Score:     / 20

Choose the best answer for each question. The answer key is on the last page.

  1. Which vitamin, found in carrots, supports good vision?
    A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin B12 C. Vitamin E D. Vitamin K
  2. Which bone in the throat is not joined to any other bone?
    A. Hyoid B. Stapes C. Coccyx D. Patella
  3. Which is the smallest bone in the human body?
    A. Incus B. Stapes C. Malleus D. Hyoid
  4. What is the primary role of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell?
    A. First responders fighting bacterial infection B. Producing hormones C. Carrying oxygen D. Clotting blood
  5. On which date is World Health Day observed?
    A. 7 April B. 1 December C. 21 June D. 10 October
  6. Which is the smallest muscle in the human body?
    A. Masseter B. Orbicularis oculi C. Stapedius D. Platysma
  7. Which hormone is often called the 'love' or 'bonding' hormone?
    A. Adrenaline B. Oxytocin C. Insulin D. Thyroxine
  8. How many vertebrae are there in the human neck?
    A. 5 B. 9 C. 12 D. 7
  9. What condition results from a deficiency of vitamin C?
    A. Rickets B. Scurvy C. Anemia D. Goiter
  10. Deficiency of which vitamin causes pellagra?
    A. Vitamin C B. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) C. Vitamin B12 D. Vitamin E
  11. Which is the largest artery in the human body?
    A. Carotid artery B. Femoral artery C. Aorta D. Pulmonary artery
  12. Which system breaks down food into nutrients the body can absorb?
    A. Respiratory system B. Digestive system C. Circulatory system D. Endocrine system
  13. Which part of the eye is primarily responsible for focusing light onto the retina?
    A. The lens B. The cornea only C. The iris D. The optic nerve
  14. What makes stem cells special?
    A. They carry oxygen B. They cannot divide C. They only exist in plants D. They can develop into many different cell types
  15. What is the main function of red blood cells?
    A. Fight infection B. Carry oxygen C. Clot blood D. Digest food
  16. Which organ is called the 'graveyard of red blood cells'?
    A. Spleen B. Pancreas C. Kidney D. Appendix
  17. What are the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord called?
    A. Pleura B. Pericardium C. Meninges D. Peritoneum
  18. Which gas do humans primarily exhale during respiration?
    A. Oxygen B. Nitrogen C. Carbon dioxide D. Hydrogen
  19. Which structure connects the left and right halves of the brain?
    A. Corpus callosum B. Medulla C. Pons D. Spinal cord
  20. What is the primary function of the small intestine in digestion?
    A. Nutrient absorption B. Water reabsorption only C. Waste storage D. Enzyme production only
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Answer key – Human Body & Health (Set 1)

  1. A. Vitamin A – Vitamin A supports good vision, especially in dim light, as well as healthy skin and immunity. Carrots contain beta-carotene, which the body converts into vitamin A. Other sources include papaya, mangoes, spinach and milk. Severe deficiency can cause night blindness.
  2. A. Hyoid – The hyoid bone, a U-shaped bone in the throat above the larynx, is the only bone in the body not joined to any other bone. It is held in place by muscles and ligaments. It supports the tongue and helps with swallowing and speech.
  3. B. Stapes – The stapes, one of three tiny bones in the middle ear, is the smallest bone in the human body, about 3 mm long. Its name means 'stirrup' in Latin because of its shape. It passes sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear, along with the malleus and incus.
  4. A. First responders fighting bacterial infection – Neutrophils are the most common white blood cells and act as first responders, rushing to sites of infection, especially bacterial infection, and engulfing germs. Pus is largely made of dead neutrophils. They live only a few hours to a few days.
  5. A. 7 April – World Health Day is observed every 7 April, marking the founding of the World Health Organization in 1948. Each year has a theme focusing on a global health issue. World AIDS Day is on 1 December, and International Yoga Day is on 21 June.
  6. C. Stapedius – The stapedius, in the middle ear, is the smallest skeletal muscle in the body, only about 1 mm long. It attaches to the stapes bone and tightens in response to loud sounds, reducing vibrations to help protect the inner ear from damage.
  7. B. Oxytocin – Oxytocin is often called the 'love' or 'bonding' hormone, because it is released during hugging, childbirth and breastfeeding, helping create bonds between people. It is produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. Doctors also use it to help start labour.
  8. D. 7 – The human neck has seven cervical vertebrae, the same number as a giraffe's neck, despite the huge difference in length. The first two, called the atlas and axis, allow the head to nod and turn. The whole spine has 33 vertebrae at birth.
  9. B. Scurvy – Scurvy is caused by a lack of vitamin C, leading to bleeding gums, tiredness and slow wound healing. It was common among sailors on long voyages until citrus fruits like limes were added to their diet. Amla (Indian gooseberry) is one of the richest sources of vitamin C.
  10. B. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) – Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B3 (niacin). Its symptoms are often remembered as the 'three Ds': dermatitis (skin rash), diarrhoea and dementia. It was once common where people ate mostly maize. Peanuts, fish and whole grains are good sources of niacin.
  11. C. Aorta – The aorta is the largest artery in the human body, about 2.5 cm wide. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body. It arches over the heart and runs down through the chest and abdomen, branching into smaller arteries.
  12. B. Digestive system – The digestive system breaks food down into nutrients the body can absorb, such as sugars, amino acids and fatty acids. It includes the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas. The whole digestive tract is about 9 metres long in an adult.
  13. A. The lens – The lens, a clear, flexible structure behind the iris, focuses light onto the retina. Tiny muscles change its shape to focus on near or far objects, a process called accommodation. With age, the lens can become cloudy, a condition called a cataract.
  14. D. They can develop into many different cell types – Stem cells are special because they can develop into many different cell types, such as blood, muscle or nerve cells, and can divide to make more stem cells. They are used in bone marrow transplants and are studied for treating diseases. Umbilical cord blood is a rich source.
  15. B. Carry oxygen – The main job of red blood cells is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and bring carbon dioxide back. They contain haemoglobin, an iron-rich protein that gives blood its red colour. There are about 5 million red blood cells in a single drop of blood.
  16. A. Spleen – The spleen is called the 'graveyard of red blood cells' because it removes old and damaged red blood cells from circulation. It also stores platelets and helps fight infection. It sits in the upper left abdomen. People can live without a spleen but may be more prone to some infections.
  17. C. Meninges – The meninges are three protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord: the dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater. Infection of these membranes is called meningitis, a serious condition that needs urgent treatment.
  18. C. Carbon dioxide – Humans mainly exhale carbon dioxide, a waste product made when cells use oxygen to release energy from food. Exhaled air still contains about 16% oxygen, which is why rescue breathing (CPR) can help. Plants use carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
  19. A. Corpus callosum – The corpus callosum, a thick band of about 200 million nerve fibres, connects the left and right halves (hemispheres) of the brain, letting them share information. It is the largest bundle of nerve fibres in the brain.
  20. A. Nutrient absorption – The small intestine's main job is absorbing nutrients from digested food into the blood. Its inner walls are covered with millions of tiny finger-like villi, which increase its surface area enormously. Most digestion and absorption happens here.